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Observium简单介绍

Observium是一个免费的开源网络管理和监控工具，可用于监控所有的网络设备。

Observium是用PHP编写的，使用SNMP从连接的设备收集数据并使用Web界面监视它们。

Observium支持大量的网络硬件和操作系统，包括Linux，Windows，FreeBSD，思科，戴尔，NetApp等等。

Observium提供了一个功能强大，简单易用的界面来监视网络的健康和状态

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目前有两种不同的 observium 版本。

1、Observium 社区版本是一个在 QPL 开源许可证下的免费工具，这个版本是对于较小部署的最好解决方案。该版本每6个月进行一次安全性更新。

2、第2个版本是 Observium 专业版，该版本采用基于 SVN 的发布机制。会得到每日安全性更新。该工具适用于服务提供商和企业级部署

CentOS7下部署开源网络监控工具Observium

下面介绍CentOS7下部署开源网络管理和监控工具Observium

环境说明:

1、CentOS7.9 VM虚拟机192.168.31.84部署Observium，作为服务端

2、CentOS7.9 VM虚拟机192.168.31.121监控主机，作为Observium的被监控设备

具体部署步骤如下

1、基础环境准备

1）关闭SELINUX

setenforce?0
sed?-i?'s/^SELINUX=.*$/SELINUX=disabled/'?/etc/selinux/config

2）yum源配置

wget?-O?/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo?https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
sed?-i?-e?'/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d'?-e?'/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d'?/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
wget?-O?/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

添加opennms-repo和remi源

yum?-y?install?http://yum.opennms.org/repofiles/opennms-repo-stable-rhel7.noarch.rpm
yum?-y?install?http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm

启用remi-php72源

yum?install?yum-utils
yum-config-manager?--enable?remi-php72

yum安装Observium所需组件httpd,php72,net-snmp,fping,mariadb-server,rrdtool,ipmitool等等

yum?install?wget.x86_64?httpd.x86_64?php.x86_64?php-opcache.x86_64?php-mysql.x86_64?php-gd.x86_64?\
????????????php-posix?php-pear.noarch?cronie.x86_64?net-snmp.x86_64?net-snmp-utils.x86_64?\
????????????fping.x86_64?mariadb-server.x86_64?mariadb.x86_64?MySQL-python.x86_64?rrdtool.x86_64?\
????????????subversion.x86_64??jwhois.x86_64?ipmitool.x86_64?graphviz.x86_64?ImageMagick.x86_64?\
????????????php-sodium.x86_64

2、下载observium社区版本最新安装包并解压

下载地址

http://www.observium.org/observium-community-latest.tar.gz

创建/opt/observium目录，并将社区版本安装包解压到此路径

mkdir?-p?/opt/observium?&&?cd?/opt
tar?-zxf?observium-community-latest.tar.gz

3、MariaDB数据库设置

1）MariaDB数据库服务启动，密码初始化

systemctl?enable?mariadb
systemctl?start?mariadb
/usr/bin/mysqladmin?-u?root?password?'MySQL@2021'

2）创建observium数据库，并设置observium库的账号与密码

mysql?-uroot?-pMySQL@2021
CREATE?DATABASE?observium?DEFAULT?CHARACTER?SET?utf8?COLLATE?utf8_general_ci;
GRANT?ALL?PRIVILEGES?ON?observium.*?TO?'observium'@'localhost'?IDENTIFIED?BY?'observium@2021';
exit;

3）修改config.php中数据库连接参数

cp?config.php.default?config.php
vi?config.php
修改数据库的账户与密码为上面设置的mariadb的账户与密码
$config['db_user']??????=?'observium';
$config['db_pass']??????=?'observium@2021';

4)Insert MySQL Schema

./discovery.php?-u

4、在config.php中添加fping工具配置

which?fping
/usr/sbin/fping

vi?config.php
$config['fping']?=?"/usr/sbin/fping";

5、rrd及httpd服务相关配置

1）Create the rrd directory to store RRDs in:

cd?/opt/observium
mkdir?rrd
chown?apache:apache?rrd

2）httpd服务配置文件添加与修改

vi?/etc/httpd/conf.d/observium.conf?

???DocumentRoot?/opt/observium/html/
???ServerName??observium.domain.com
???CustomLog?/opt/observium/logs/access_log?combined
???ErrorLog?/opt/observium/logs/error_log
???
?????AllowOverride?All
?????Options?FollowSymLinks?MultiViews
?????Require?all?granted
???
?

3）Create logs directory for apache

mkdir?/opt/observium/logs
chown?apache:apache?/opt/observium/logs

6、设置observium crond定时任务脚本

vi?/etc/cron.d/observium
#?Run?a?complete?discovery?of?all?devices?once?every?6?hours
33??*/6???*?*?*???root????/opt/observium/discovery.php?-h?all?>>?/dev/null?2>&1

#?Run?automated?discovery?of?newly?added?devices?every?5?minutes
*/5?*?????*?*?*???root????/opt/observium/discovery.php?-h?new?>>?/dev/null?2>&1

#?Run?multithreaded?poller?wrapper?every?1?minutes
*/1?*?????*?*?*???root????/opt/observium/poller-wrapper.py?>>?/dev/null?2>&1

#?Run?housekeeping?script?daily?for?syslog,?eventlog?and?alert?log
13?5?*?*?*?root?/opt/observium/housekeeping.php?-ysel

#?Run?housekeeping?script?daily?for?rrds,?ports,?orphaned?entries?in?the?database?and?performance?data
47?4?*?*?*?root?/opt/observium/housekeeping.php?-yrptb

systemctl?reload?crond

7、web管理员用户添加并开启httpd服务

./adduser.php?admin?admin2021?10

systemctl?enable?httpd
systemctl?start?httpd
firewall-cmd?--permanent?--zone=public?--add-service=http
firewall-cmd?--reload

8、监控主机snmpd服务安装与配置

监控主机上安装并配置snmpd服务

yum?install?net-snmp?net-snmp-utils
systemctl?enable?snmpd
vi?/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

1)OID修改

原先view????systemview????included???.1.3.6.1.2.1.1
修改为
view????systemview????included???.1.3.6.1.2.1

2）系统位置信息修改

syslocation?Unknown?(edit?/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)
#syslocation?Unknown?(edit?/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)
syslocation?HangZhou,Zhejiang,China

cat?/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf?|?grep?systemview
cat?/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf?|?grep?syslocation

systemctl?start?snmpd
netstat?-anp?|?grep?161

firewall-cmd?--permanent?--zone=public?--add-service=snmp
firewall-cmd?--reload

9、登录web界面，并添加监控设备

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当然你可也可以后台用命令添加

./add_device.php???v2c
Do?an?initial?discovery?and?polling?run?to?populate?the?data?for?the?new?device:

拉取设备数据

./discovery.php?-h?all
./poller.php?-h?all

监控效果展示

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10、syslog日志监控功能启用

config.php最后行加入

//?Enable?Syslog
$config['enable_syslog']????????????????=?1;

observium服务器开启rsyslog接收，并配置接收的配置文件

监控主机开启rsyslog外送

vi?/etc/rsyslog.conf
最后行添加
*.*?@192.168.31.84
systemctl?restart?rsyslog

日志监控效果展示

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