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OpenShift 4 HOL (5) - 用Jenkins在不同运行环境中升迁应用

wxchong 2024-07-16 10:16:09 开源技术 8 ℃ 0 评论

在DevOps过程中CI/CD是最主要的工具,通过它的Pipeline可以驱动整个开发、测试、交付和部署过程。在OpenShift 4.x中自带两个CI/CD引擎:Jenkins和Tekton。其中Jenkins是目前最为常用的CI/CD工具,而Tekton是是直接运行在Kubernetes上的原生CI/CD。我们在本章节介绍如何部署运行一套Jenkins的环境,进而利用Pipeline将应用在开发、测试和生产环境中进行升迁部署。

1. 执行以下命令创建相关项目。其中一个项目用来运行Jenkins的Pipeline,其它项目用来模拟3个阶段的应用环境。

$ export USERID=USER-ID

$ oc new-project ${USERID}-pipeline-jenkins

$ oc new-project ${USERID}-pipeline-dev

$ oc new-project ${USERID}-pipeline-test

$ oc new-project ${USERID}-pipeline-prod

2. 执行以下命令,在USER-ID-cicd项目中根据OpenShift预制的模板创建Jenkins运行环境。

$ oc new-app jenkins-ephemeral -n ${USERID}-pipeline-jenkins

3. 执行执行命令,查看cicd 的pod创建进度是否问running。

$ oc get pod -w -n ${USERID}-pipeline-jenkins

4. 查看Jenkins的访问route,然后用浏览器访问它。

$ oc get route jenkins -n ${USERID}-pipeline-jenkins -o template --template '{{.spec.host}}'

5. 执行以下命令,允许USER-ID-pipeline-jenkines项目的Jenkins系统账号可以访问其它项目,同时允许USER-ID-pipeline-test和USER-ID-pipeline-prod系统账号从USER-ID-pipeline-dev项目中拉取镜像。

$ oc policy add-role-to-user edit system:serviceaccount:${USERID}-pipeline-jenkins:jenkins -n ${USERID}-pipeline-dev

$ oc policy add-role-to-user edit system:serviceaccount:${USERID}-pipeline-jenkins:jenkins -n ${USERID}-pipeline-test

$ oc policy add-role-to-user edit system:serviceaccount:${USERID}-pipeline-jenkins:jenkins -n ${USERID}-pipeline-prod

$ oc policy add-role-to-group system:image-puller system:serviceaccounts:${USERID}-pipeline-test -n ${USERID}-pipeline-dev

$ oc policy add-role-to-group system:image-puller system:serviceaccounts:${USERID}-pipeline-prod -n ${USERID}-pipeline-dev

6. 执行以下命令,在USER-ID-pipeline-dev项目中创建myapp测试应用,然后可通过route验证应用可访问。

$ oc new-app --name=myapp openshift/php:7.1~https://github.com/liuxiaoyu-git/cotd.git -n ${USERID}-pipeline-dev

7. 查看pod状态,当运行myapp的pod为Running状态后在创建route,最后用浏览器访问route。

$ oc get pod -n ${USERID}-pipeline-dev -w

NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE

myapp-1-build 0/1 Completed 0 2m45s

myapp-1-deploy 0/1 Completed 0 36s

myapp-1-fgh9v 1/1 Running 0 27s

$ oc expose service myapp -n ${USERID}-pipeline-dev

$ oc get route myapp -n ${USERID}-pipeline-dev -o template --template '{{.spec.host}}'

8. 页面会随机显示一个动物的照片。

9. 执行命令,禁止自动deployment。

$ oc get dc myapp -o yaml -n ${USERID}-pipeline-dev | sed 's/automatic: true/automatic: false/g' | oc replace -f -

10. 下载https://raw.githubusercontent.com/liuxiaoyu-git/OpenShift-HOL/master/jenkins-pipeline-demo1.yaml文件。

$ curl -LO https://raw.githubusercontent.com/liuxiaoyu-git/OpenShift-HOL/master/jenkins-pipeline-demo1.yaml

11. 将jenkins-pipeline-demo1.yaml文件中的“USERID变量内容改为自己的用户名。另外还可确认这个Pipeline中包括2个stage,一个用来做build操作,一个用来做deploy操作。

sPipeline

def USERID = "USER-ID"

def devProj = "$USERID-pipeline-dev"

pipeline {

agent any

stages{

stage("Build") {

steps{

script{

openshift.withCluster() {

openshift.withProject("${devProj}") {

echo '*** Build Starting ***'

openshift.selector('bc', 'myapp').startBuild("--wait").logs('-f')

echo '*** Build Complete ***'

}

}

}

}

}

stage("Deploy and Verify in Development Env"){

steps{

script{

openshift.withCluster() {

openshift.withProject("${devProj}") {

echo '*** Deployment Starting ***'

openshift.selector('dc', 'myapp').rollout().latest()

echo '*** Deployment Complete ***'

}

}

}

}

}

}

}

12. 然后执行以下命令,在USER-ID-pipeline-jenkins项目中创建BuildConfig,然后启动基于Pipeline的构建。

$ oc create -f jenkins-pipeline-demo1.yaml -n ${USERID}-pipeline-jenkins

start-build jenkins-pipeline-dembuildconfig.build.openshift.io/jenkins-pipeline-demo created

$ oc start-build jenkins-pipeline-demo -n ${USERID}-pipeline-jenkins

build.build.openshift.io/jenkins-pipeline-demo-1 started

13. 在OpenShift控制台上进入Developer视图的Builds菜单,然后进入名为“jenkins-pipeline-demo”的BuildConfig,再进入到Builds标签,最后再进入“jenkins-pipeline-demo-1”的Build。此时会显示Pipeline的构建进度。

14. 点击上图的“View logs”链接会进入Jenkins,查看Pipeline的运行日志。

15. 在构建完后在浏览器中刷新应用页面,点击右上方的灰色图标,在弹出框中会显示当前运行的应用版本,此时赢还是“Version 1”。

16. 用浏览器访问https://github.com/liuxiaoyu-git/cotd.git,打开item.php页面,然后通过点击“Edit”图标编辑这个文件。在代码中找到“<p>Version”并修改版本号,然后“Commit Changes”。

17. 然后再次执行(12)中的start-build命令,在Jenkins Pipeline运行成功后可刷新并查看页面是否发生变化。

18. 查看USER-ID-pipeline-test和USER-ID-pipeline-prod项目,确认没有任何对象。这是因为上面操作我们是通过手动部署的。

$ oc get all -n ${USERID}-pipeline-test

No resources found in pipeline-test namespace.

$ oc get all -n ${USERID}-pipeline-prod

No resources found in pipeline-prod namespace.

19. 要将myapp部署运行在USER-ID-pipeline-test和USER-ID-pipeline-prod项目,还要执行以下命令,将名为“myapp:latest”的ImageStream新打两个标签“myapp:testready”和“myapp:prodready”。

$ oc tag myapp:latest myapp:testready myapp:prodready -n ${USERID}-pipeline-dev

Tag myapp:testready set to myapp@sha256:566ee55311f0cd0a80291c2345e7a1b72ca3eb84455a032433e2e3d11f39efbb.

Tag myapp:prodready set to myapp@sha256:566ee55311f0cd0a80291c2345e7a1b72ca3eb84455a032433e2e3d11f39efbb.

$ oc get is -n ${USERID}-pipeline-dev

NAME IMAGE REPOSITORY TAGS UPDATED

myapp default-route-openshift-image-registry.apps.cluster.example.opentlc.com/pipeline-dev/myapp prodready,testready,latest 9 seconds ago

20. 执行以下命令,使用(19)的两个新ImageStreamTag在在USER-ID-pipeline-test和USER-ID-pipeline-prod项目中创建应用。

$ oc new-app ${USERID}-pipeline-dev/myapp:testready --name=myapp -n ${USERID}-pipeline-test

$ oc new-app ${USERID}-pipeline-dev/myapp:prodready --name=myapp -n ${USERID}-pipeline-prod

$ oc expose service myapp -n ${USERID}-pipeline-test

$ oc expose service myapp -n ${USERID}-pipeline-prod

$ oc get dc myapp -o yaml -n ${USERID}-pipeline-test | sed 's/automatic: true/automatic: false/g' | oc replace -f -

$ oc get dc myapp -o yaml -n ${USERID}-pipeline-prod | sed 's/automatic: true/automatic: false/g' | oc replace -f -

21. 下载https://raw.githubusercontent.com/liuxiaoyu-git/OpenShift-HOL/master/jenkins-pipeline-demo2.yaml文件。此文件在jenkins-pipeline-demo1.yaml的基础让增加了将myapp部署到test和prod环境的步骤。

$ curl -LO https://raw.githubusercontent.com/liuxiaoyu-git/OpenShift-HOL/master/jenkins-pipeline-demo2.yaml

22. 将jenkins-pipeline-demo2.yaml文件中的USERID变量内容改为自己的用户编号,然后执行以下命令,在USER-ID-pipeline-jenkins项目中替换已有的BuildConfig,然后启动Pipeline构建。

$ oc replace -f jenkins-pipeline-demo2.yaml -n ${USERID}-pipeline-jenkins

$ oc start-build jenkins-pipeline-demo -n ${USERID}-pipeline-jenkins

23. 查看名为jenkins-pipeline-demo-2的Build执行情况。当出现 “Input Required”,点击该链接进入Jenkins。

24. 在Jenkins中点击左侧的Console Output,在右侧找到下图位置,然后点击“Promote”链接,Pipeline继续得以运行直到显示“Finished: SUCCESS”。

25. 执行以下命令,访问3个环境的应用。

$ oc get route myapp -n ${USERID}-pipeline-dev -o template --template '{{.spec.host}}'

$ oc get route myapp -n ${USERID}-pipeline-test -o template --template '{{.spec.host}}'

$ oc get route myapp -n ${USERID}-pipeline-prod -o template --template '{{.spec.host}}'

26. 根据(16)的说明修改程序中的Version,然后再次执行(12)中的start-build命令运行Pipeline。在Jenkins Pipeline运行成功后可刷新并查看三个环境的应用页面是否发生变化。

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